Fundamentals of Vision and the Importance of Eye Structure
The eye, which provides vision, has a very fine and complex structure. It works with basic abilities such as focusing and refraction to perceive light and objects from the outside world clearly.
Biological Structure and Function of the Eye
The eye is a complex structure containing many nerve cells. The eye processes images by reflecting light and objects from the outside world onto the retina. This process takes place with the cooperation of structures such as the cornea, lens and retina.
The main elements of the eye structure are:
- The eyeball is covered with a gel-like vitreous fluid.
- The iris, the colored part, controls the light coming from outside.
- The cornea covers the outer surface of the eye and allows light to enter the eye.
- The retina is located at the back of the eye and is where light is received.
- The optic disc is the point where nerve fibers reach the brain from the eye.
Common Eye Problems
Due to its complex structure, the eye can face many problems. These include the following:
- Astigmatism: Light is focused on the front or back of the retina instead of the retina.
- Myopia Distant objects are not perceived clearly.
- Hyperopia: Nearby objects lose clarity.
- Cataract A vision problem caused by the loss of transparency of the lens of the eye.
- Dry eye: A condition in which the surface of the eye is not sufficiently moist.
- Glaucoma: A type of eye pressure caused by increased pressure inside the eye.
Evaluation and Treatment of Eye Problems
Eye problems are first detected and evaluated with a detailed eye examination. The ophthalmologist listens to the patient's complaints and checks eye health with various tests.
The ophthalmologist evaluates the following factors:
- When the patient's eye problems started
- Discharge from the eye
- Changes in vision
- Contact lens use
- Presence of systemic diseases
- Trauma to the eye
- Treatment history
Methods used to assess eye problems include corneal topography, glaucoma tests, retinal examination and computerized vision tests.
As a result, it is important to take care of eye health and visit an ophthalmologist regularly for early detection and treatment of problems. The best ophthalmologist provides their patients with quality eye care by offering precise examination methods and effective treatment options.
